Mastering English Verb Tenses and Personal Pronouns
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Personal Pronouns
Affirmative, Negative, and Contractions
| Affirmative | Contraction | Negative | Contractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| I am | I'm | I am not | I'm not |
| You are | You're | You are not | You're not / You aren't |
| He is | He's | He is not | He's not / He isn't |
| She is | She's | She is not | She's not / She isn't |
| It is | It's | It is not | It's not / It isn't |
| We are | We're | We are not | We're not / We aren't |
| You are | You're | You are not | You're not / You aren't |
| They are | They're | They are not | They're not / They aren't |
Questions
- Am I?
- Are you?
- Is he?
- Is she?
- Is it?
- Are we?
- Are you?
- Are they?
Present Simple
Negative
don't / doesn't (do not / does not)
- I don't play
- You don't play
- He doesn't play
- She doesn't play
- It doesn't play
- We don't play
- You don't play
- They don't play
Note: don't = do not / doesn't = does not
Questions
do / does
- Do I play?
- Do you play?
- Does he play?
- Does she play?
- Does it play?
- Do we play?
- Do you play?
- Do they play?
Present Continuous
| Affirmative | Question |
|---|---|
| I am running | Am I running? |
| You are running | Are you running? |
| He is running | Is he running? |
| She is running | Is she running? |
| It is running | Is it running? |
| We are running | Are we running? |
| You are running | Are you running? |
| They are running | Are they running? |
Negative
- I'm not running
- You aren't running / You're not running
- He isn't running / He's not running
- She isn't running
- It isn't running
- We aren't running
- You aren't running
- They aren't running
Present Simple vs. Present Continuous
Present Simple
Used for:
- Routines
- Facts
- Permanent situations
Adverbs of frequency:
- Always
- Usually
- Often
- Sometimes
- Rarely / Hardly ever
- Never
Time expressions:
- Every day
- Every Sunday / February / year
Present Continuous
Used for:
- Situations happening now
- Temporary situations
- Future arrangements
Time expressions:
- Now
- At the moment
- Right now
- Next month
- Tomorrow
Imperatives:
- Look!
- Listen!
- Be quiet!