Presente Simple | - + verbo (he/she/it –s/-es)
- - don’t/doesn’t verbo
- ? do/does suj verbo?
| - + am/is/are + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - am not/isn’t/aren’t + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? am/is/are + suj + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + has/have
- - don’t/doesn’t have
- ? do/does + suj + have?
| - On (Mondays…)
- In the (morning/afternoon/evening)
- At night / At the weekend
- In (July…) / Every day
- Once a week/month/year/…
- Twice a week/month/year/…
- Always / usually / sometimes
- never / frequently / often
- occasionally / seldom / rarely
| |
Presente Continuo | - + am/is/are + V-ing
- - am not/isn’t/aren’t + V-ing
- ? am/is/are + suj + V-ing?
| - + am/is/are + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - am not/isn’t/aren’t + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? am/is/are + suj + being + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + am/is/are + having
- - am not/isn’t/aren’t + having
- ? am/is/are + suj + having?
| - Now
- At the moment
- This year/week/…
- Tonight
- Today
- Right now
- Tomorrow
| Ahora o un futuro muy cercano (agenda) |
Pasado Simple | - + ved/2ª col
- - didn’t verbo
- ? Did + suj + verbo?
| - + was/were + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - wasn’t/weren’t + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? was/were + suj + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + had
- - didn’t have
- ? did + suj + have?
| - In + fecha
- Last …
- Yesterday
- Ago
- When
- Then
| Acciones que ocurrieron en un momento concreto del pasado y contar hechos o acciones que ocurrieron una tras otra. |
Pasado Continuo | - + was/were + V-ing
- - wasn’t/weren’t + V-ing
- ? was/were + suj + V-ing?
| - + was/were + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - wasn’t/weren’t + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? was/were + suj + being + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + was/were + having
- - wasn’t/weren’t + having
- ? was/were + suj + having?
| | Acción que estaba en proceso en el pasado. Suele ir mezclado con el pasado simple. When / while |
Presente Perfecto | - + have/has + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - hasn’t/haven’t + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? has/have + suj + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + has/have + been + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - haven’t/hasn’t + been + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? have/has + suj + been + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + have/has had
- - hasn’t/haven’t had
- ? has/have + suj + had?
| - Since / for
- Ever / never / always / just
- Already / yet / recently
- Lately / several times
- So far
- Over the years
| Acción que empezó en el pasado y tiene consecuencias en el presente. Para hablar de cuántas veces se ha hecho algo. |
Presente Perfecto Continuo | - + Have/has + been + V-ing
- - haven’t/hasn’t + been + V-ing
- ? Have/has + suj + been + V-ing?
| - + have/has + been + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - haven’t/hasn’t + been + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? have/has + suj + been + being + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + Have/has + been + having
- - haven’t/hasn’t + been + having
- ? Have/has + suj + been + having?
| - For
- Since
- How long…?
- All day
- The whole day
- This week/month/year
- Recently
- Lately
| - Actividad que empezó en el pasado y que continúa en proceso en el presente.
- Acciones muy recientes que tienen mucha influencia sobre el presente.
- Se utiliza para enfatizar la duración de una acción.
|
Pasado Perfecto | - + had + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - hadn’t + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? had + suj + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + had + been + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - hadn’t + been + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? had + suj + been + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + had had
- - hadn’t had
- ? had + suj + had?
| - Already / by the time / after / before / until / never / just / as soon as / when / for / since
| El pretérito perfecto simple es una acción MUY pasada, incluso más que el pasado simple. Este tiempo verbal indica que una acción ocurrió mucho antes que otra. |
Pasado Perfecto Continuo | - + had + been + V-ing
- - hadn’t + been + V-ing
- ? had + suj + been + V-ing?
| - + had + been + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - hadn’t + been + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? had + suj + been + being + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + had + been + having
- - hadn’t + been + having
- ? had + suj + been + having?
| - By the time / after / before / until / never / as soon as / when / all + expresión de tiempo / for / since
| Hablar de una acción prolongada que ocurrió en el pasado antes que otra acción breve también pasada. Estructura: PPC + PS |
Futuro Simple | - + will + verbo
- - won’t + verbo
- ? will + suj + verbo?
| - + will + be + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - won’t + be + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? will + suj + be + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + will have
- - won’t have
- ? will + suj + have?
| Con expresiones como I think, I am sure, I hope and probably. | - Predicciones
- Una decisión espontánea, algo que decidimos a la hora de hablar.
|
Be Going To | - + am/is/are + going to + verbo
- - am not/isn’t/aren’t + going to + verbo
- ? am/is/are + suj + going to + verbo?
| - + am/is/are + going to + be + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - am not/isn’t/aren’t + going to + be + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? am/is/are + suj + going to + be + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + am/is/are + going to + have
- - am not/isn’t/aren’t + going to + have
- ? am/is/are + suj + going to + have?
| | - Expresar planes e intenciones sobre lo que vamos a hacer en el futuro.
- Evidencias
|
Futuro Continuo | - + will + be + V-ing
- - won’t + be + V-ing
- ? will + suj + be + V-ing?
| - + will + be + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - won’t + be + being + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? will + suj + be + being + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + will + be + having
- - won’t + be + having
- ? will + suj + be + having?
| - At this time tomorrow
- At this time next…
- On + días de la semana
- In the next decade
| Se utiliza para expresar lo que estará teniendo lugar en un momento determinado del futuro. |
Futuro Perfecto | - + will + have + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - won’t + have + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? will + suj + have + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + will + have + been + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - won’t + have + been + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? will + suj + have + been + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + will + have + had
- - won’t + have + had
- ? will + suj + have + had?
| - By this time next week
- By ten o’clock
- By the end of…
- By then
- By August
- In two months
| Indicar que una acción habrá terminado en un momento concreto del futuro. |
Have To | - + has/have + to + verbo
- - don’t/doesn’t + have + to + verbo
- ? do/does + suj + have + to + verbo?
- *Se puede conjugar en todos los tiempos
| - + has/have + to + be + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - don’t/doesn’t + have + to + be + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? do/does + suj + have + to + be + participio (ved/3ª col)?
- *Se puede conjugar en todos los tiempos
| - + has/have + to + have
- - don’t/doesn’t + have + to + have
- ? do/does + suj + have + to + have?
- *Se puede conjugar en todos los tiempos
| | |
Modal | - + modal + verbo
- - modal + not + verbo
- ? modal + suj + verbo?
| - + modal + be + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - modal + not + be + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? modal + suj + be + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + modal + have
- - modal + not + have
- ? modal + suj + have?
| | Uso de cada modal |
Modal Perfecto | - + modal + have + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - modal + not + have + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? modal + suj + have + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + modal + have + been + participio (ved/3ª col)
- - modal + not + have + been + participio (ved/3ª col)
- ? modal + suj + have + been + participio (ved/3ª col)?
| - + modal + have + had
- - modal + not + have + had
- ? modal + suj + have + had?
| - In + fecha
- Last …
- Yesterday
- Ago
- When
- *Todas las expresiones de los tiempos pasados
| La oración debe estar en pasado o tener un contexto en pasado para poder utilizar los modales perfectos. |
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