Transformación del Discurso Directo a Indirecto: Guía Práctica de Tiempos Verbales
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A continuación, se presenta una tabla que muestra cómo cambian los tiempos verbales al pasar del discurso directo al discurso indirecto (también conocido como reported speech). Es fundamental comprender estas transformaciones para comunicar correctamente lo que otros han dicho.
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech |
|---|---|
| Present Simple | Past Simple |
| “He is American,” she said. | She said he was American. |
| “I am happy to see you,” Mary said. | Mary said that she was happy to see me. |
| He asked, “Are you busytonight?” | He asked me if I was busy that night. |
| Present Continuous | Past Continuous |
| “Dan is living in San Francisco,” she said. | She said Dan was living in San Francisco. |
| He said, “I’m making dinner.” | He told me that he was making dinner. |
| “Why are you working so hard?” they asked. | They asked me why I was working so hard. |
| Past Simple | Past Perfect Simple |
| “We went to the movies last night,” he said. | He told me they had gone to the movies the night before. |
| Greg said, “I didn’t go to workyesterday.” | Greg said that he hadn’t goneto work the day before. |
| “Did you buy a new car?” she asked. | She asked me if I had bought a new car. |
| Past Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous |
| “I was working late last night,” Vicki said. | Vicki told me she’d been working late the night before. |
| They said, “we weren’t waiting long.” | They said that they hadn’t been waiting long. |
| He asked, “were you sleepingwhen I called?” | He asked if I’d been sleepingwhen he called. |
| Present Perfect Simple | Past Perfect Simple |
| Heather said, “I’ve alreadyeaten.” | Heather told me that she’dalready eaten. |
| “We haven’t been to China,” they said. | They said they hadn’t been to China. |
| “Have you worked here before?” I asked. | I asked her whether she’d worked there before. |
| Present Perfect Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous |
| “I’ve been studying English for two years,” he said. | He said he’d been studyingEnglish for two years. |
| Steve said, “we’ve been datingfor over a year now.” | Steve told me that they’d been dating for over a year. |
| “Have you been waitinglong?” they asked. | They asked whether I’d been waiting long. |
| Past Perfect Simple | Past Perfect Simple (NO CHANGE) |
| “I’d been to Chicago before for work,” he said. | He said that he’d been to Chicago before for work. |
| Past Perfect Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous (NOCHANGE) |
| She said, “I’d been dancingfor years before the accident.” | She said she’d been dancingfor years before the accident. |